Lead paint exposure
Exposure to lead in the general community occurs primarily from ingesting lead-based paint. Unborn babies and children under the age of five years are at greatest risk of adverse health impacts from lead as they absorb about 50% of ingested lead and the brain in young children is still maturing and appears to be more vulnerable to lead. Lead can also damage the nervous system, kidneys, and reproductive system and therefore it is important to prevent, or minimise an individual's exposure to lead. The NHMRC provides further information on evidence on the effects of lead on human health.
Before 1970, paints containing high levels of lead were used in many Australian houses. House paint in poor condition, for example paint that is peeling or flaking, is likely to present a health risk as it is more accessible to children who are more likely to lick and eat paint and have increased hand to mouth contact. Lead can also become a health problem during home renovations if quantities of dust containing lead are inhaled.
Lead-based paint that is not peeling, flaking or that is covered by a coat of lead-free paint (in good condition) does not present a health risk.
For further information the booklet Lead alert - Six step guide to painting your home contains comprehensive advice on determining the best approach when dealing with lead-based paint.