Penis discharge

Quick facts:

  • Discharge from the penis is usually a sign of infection.
  • Some of these infections can be serious and may cause problems later in life if they are not treated.

If you are concerned about any discharge from the penis or have any other health concerns, you should see your doctor or sexual health clinic.

The urethra is the narrow small tube that passes from the bladder through the penis, allowing for the passage of urine. Ejaculate fluid (cum) passes through the urethra before and during ejaculation. This ejaculate fluid contains sperm produced in the testes and seminal fluid produced in a number of parts of the reproductive system including the prostate.

There are small glands in the surface of the head of the penis which produce a cheesy white material called smegma. This may accumulate under an uncircumcised foreskin. This is normal if there is no pain or unpleasant odour. Good hygiene ensures there is no build-up of bacteria so washing the area regularly is advised.

There can also be clear fluid that may drip from the penis when sexually excited (pre-cum). Discharge from the penis at any other time (i.e., when not sexually excited) is usually a sign of infection and you should see your doctor or sexual health clinic for a check-up. Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) can spread to other areas and lead to infertility and other problems.

Causes of discharge from the penis include:

  • Urethritis
  • Gonorrhoea
  • Chlamydia
  • Non-specific urethritis
  • Acute prostatitis
  • Infection under the foreskin of uncircumcised penises
  • Warts at the opening of the urethra
  • Herpes simplex virus ulcer at the opening of the urethra
  • Something inserted into the urethra.

Skin irritation such as itchiness, redness, swelling, soreness, or other symptoms on or around the skin of the penis can also be caused by a fungal infection, psoriasis, or contact with soap or other substances. Some people may be allergic to latex in condoms and alternative condom products are available.

Prevention

Practise safe sex. Talk to your partners about sexual health, and make sure you get enthusiastic consent. Condoms are the best way to prevent STIs and other infections and using them with a water-based lubricant will be more pleasurable and reduce the risk of the condom breaking. The only way to know that you do not have an infection is to get a sexual health check. If you have sex with new or different partners and do not use condoms, you'll need to have more frequent sexual health checks.

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Help and assistance

Get qualified health advice 24/7 for the cost of a local call 13 HEALTH (13 43 25 84).

This factsheet provides general information and is not intended to replace the need to see a health professional or have a sexual health check. For more information on sexual health please talk to a healthcare provider. A doctor, nurse or health worker can assist with:

  • providing appropriate tests, treatment and information about how to prevent STIs
  • helping people to ensure that their sexual partners get tested and treated.